Health Sciences

Background: Though various local anesthetic agents are widely used intrathecally for lower umbilical surgeries, their efficacy vary even when used in equipotent doses. Objective: The present study has been conducted to compare the efficacy of intrathecal bupivacaine, levobupivacaine and ropivacaine in lower umbilical surgery using isobaric preparations. Study design: Double-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Abstract: The issue of patient safety has been brought to the attention of the medical community in 1999 through a report of the US Institute for Medicine titled “To Err Is Human.” In 2004, the World Health Organization launched the initiative “Patient safety – a Global Challenge” and established the World Alliance for Patient Safety. Owing to scientific progress, many new medications are being introduced in the market.

Aims and Objectives: To study the effect of single dose of intravenous dexamethasone (0.5mg/kg) on PONV in first 24 hours and on pain and oral intake upto third postoperative day, in children 4 to 12 years old undergoing Tonsillectomy with or without Adenoidectomy. Materials and Method: 66 patients, in the age group of 4 to 12 years, undergoing tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy were included in the study. 33 were injected with single dose intravenous dexamethasone just before surgery, while the remaining 33 were given same volume of saline.

Pancreatic pseudocyst associated with multiple large vessels in a patient suffering from pancreatitis is rarely described in literature. Earlier case reports have mentioned involvement of inferior vena caval (IVC) thrombosis. However additional involvement of bilateral common iliac vein, left main pulmonary artery and intraventricular septum was seen in our case. The anaesthetic purview of this rare case being an increased risk of intra operative embolism, the choice of anaesthetic technique was focused on minimizing hemodynamic fluctuations and providing adequate post-operative analgesia.

Orbital emphysema is an abnormal condition in which air is present within orbit. It is commonly seen in fractures or bony dehiscence of ethmoid sinus. We present a case of a 45 year old female who developed sudden onset of painless orbital emphysema following forceful nose blowing. There was no vision defect, no previous sinus disease, surgery or facial trauma. CT scan of orbit and PNS showed a deficient area in lamina papyracea with prolapse of orbital fat into the adjacent anterior ethmoidal cells with preseptal emphysema.

Babesiosis caused by B. gibsoni and Babesia canis is a tick borne protozoal parasite prevalent in the canines worldwide. In the current study, a total of 432 blood samples, were collected and examined at Veterinary Polyclinic, Jalandhar (Punjab) during April to December. Examination of Giemsa stained peripheral blood smears revealed that 6.01% (26/432) of canines were positive for canine babesiosis comprising of B. gibsoni (5.78%) and B. canis infections (0.23%).

Background: Students in various institutions of learning have been found to be affected by a number of disease conditions which are usually related to various factors including their environment, habitsand social factors amongst others. It was thus the aim of this study to determine the distribution of the disease conditions that were prevalent among students of the Bayelsa State College of Health Technology.

Introduction: The explosive growth in the number and variety of drugs has proven the pressing need for health professionals who can provide both physicians and patients with medical advice on the drugs available and on the potential adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Therefore, counseling and consultation have become a key component of pharmacist-provided patient care activities. Pharmaceutical care as a new direction in pharmacy practice has evolved over the years.

Toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) is one of the most frequent opportunistic infections in HIV/AIDS patient especially when CD4+ T lymphocyte are <100 cells/µL. Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS), also known as immune restoration disease, refers to a disease or pathogen-specific inflammatory response in HIV-infected patients that may be triggered after initiation or re-initiation of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) or change to more active HAART therapy. IRIS is usually accompanied by an increase in CD4 cell count and/or a rapid decrease in viral load.

Background: Circumcision is the most common surgical procedure that is performed in the world today. In some countries non-surgeon person is performed this procedure. The aim of this study was to assessment and comparison of circumcision results in different group of experience and inexperienced operators. methods: In a randomized study, 1000 children less than 12 years old were studied for circumcision outcome. In this study, Symmetry of the skin and mucous and any other forms of abnormal appearance was recorded. The association of morbidity with techniques and operator were evaluated.