Gene therapy is commonly used in reference to any clinical application of the transfer of a foreign gene. Initially, gene therapy was associated with either the correction of inherited genetic disorders or the treatment of life threatening conditions. Now the procedure has been extended to the level of treating malignant conditions such as cancer of the lungs, breast, colon etc. Clinical applications of gene transfer can be accomplished in two ways in vivo or ex vivo. This review highlights various types of gene therapy procedures with respect to squamous cell carcinoma.