Postnatal period is also called the fourth trimester of pregnancy. And the complications that arise during this period will be the worst among the mothers that they feel uncomfortable while taking care of their newborn. And this complications may lead to death of the mother if untreated and this may increase the maternal mortality rate. The present study was conducted among the post natal mothers to assess the prevalence of puerperal complications and its etiological factors at IGMCH&RI at puducherry. A quantitative research approach with descriptive research design was selected for this study. The study samples comprises of all post natal mothers admitted in the postnatal ward in IGMCH&RI,Puducherry. The puerperal complications were assessed among the post natal mothers and the related etiologica factors were also identified. Therefore, the findings of these study revealed the prevalence of various puerperal complicatios and etiological factors among the post natal mothers.